Skip to content

Crisis & Conflict Epidemiology Lab 

In crisis and conflict settings, health systems face a double dilemma: the need for relevant and timely data increases — while available data becomes unreliable and outdated. In these contexts, actionable evidence is critical to allocate resources and ensure health service delivery.

In the crisis and conflict settings, information needs shift rapidly, stakeholders pull in different directions, access to affected areas is constrained, and costs must be contained to protect resources for lifesaving work. 

In such settings, applied epidemiology can provide the tools to generate evidence, navigate uncertainty, and support decision-making in the most challenging environments.  

The epidemiologists in the Crisis & Conflict Epidemiology Lab are dedicated to developing, testing and applying innovative research methodologies in challenging settings, such as humanitarian, post-disaster, or conflict-affected states.

Our focus is on applied methodologies and ensuring decision-makers obtain timely and useful data to serve impacted populations more effectively and efficiently.  We have ample experience working in politically complex settings and strive for context-specific and sensitive approaches that recognise the needs and interests of the various stakeholders involved.

Aims and approach

Drawing on the combined strengths of the FCAS Centre and the Epidemiology Team, the Crisis & Conflict Epidemiology Lab aims to: 

Our Projects

  • Disaster Impact Mapping for Health Facilities in Afghanistan

    • Institute
    • Project

    This project aimed to map the risks and potential disruptions to critical health facilities in Afghanistan due to natural disasters, using satellite imagery, GPS data, and service delivery information. By identifying direct and accessibility-related impacts on health facilities, KIT Institute provided national risk and service impact maps to help organizations, like MSF, enhance disaster preparedness […]

  • Assessing Health Facility Preparedness for Disaster Events in Afghanistan

    • Institute
    • Project

    Afghanistan regularly experiences extreme weather and geological hazards resulting in a high burden of mortality, health systems impacts, and economic damage. With climate change and seismic risks, Afghanistan’s health system must adapt by identifying vulnerabilities and enhancing preparedness. This research reviewed the existing tools for assessing health facility preparedness. In addition, through expert involvement, a […]

  • Health Pooled Fund

    • Institute
    • Project

    South Sudan has experienced significant levels of fragility, conflict and violence for nearly half a century. It is estimated that over 400,000 lives have been lost since 2013 due to conflict and millions more have been displaced. With limited access to basic health services, it has some of the worst health indicators in the world, […]

  • Assessment of implementation and outputs of Afghanistan’s Expanded Program of Immunisations data quality improvement plan

    • Institute
    • Project

    Vaccines have substantially reduced or eliminated many infectious diseases which once killed millions of people. Vaccination programmes not only provide vaccines, but strategic leadership and coordination, cold-chain systems necessary for transport, and programme monitoring and evaluation. Behind every vaccination programme, strong health systems are needed to deliver and scale-up new vaccines and to improve immunisation […]

  • Afghan Health: Monitoring and Evaluation

    • Institute
    • Project

    The Afghan Ministry of Public Health requested a third party monitoring & evaluation of its national health services. It was assigned to KIT Royal Tropical Institute by means of a health facility functionality assessment, drug quality assessment, health management information system verification, household surveys and results-based financing assessment. As of 2003, Afghanistan established a novel […]

Our Publications

  • The Gaza health information system: Rebuilding for a resilient future

    • Institute
    • Publication

    The ongoing Israel-Gaza war has led to the rampant destruction and disruption of much of Gaza’s health system, including the deliberate targeting of civilian infrastructure and the loss of access to essential medical services [1,2]. These losses include the critical infrastructure and capacity for Gaza’s once-robust Health Information System (HIS). The disruption to the HIS […]

  • Third party monitoring for health in Afghanistan: the good, the bad and the ugly

    • Institute
    • Publication

    Third party monitoring (TPM) is used in development programming to assess deliverables in a contract relationship between purchasers (donors or government) and providers (non-governmental organisations or non-state entities). In this paper, we draw from our experience as public health professionals involved in implementing and monitoring the Basic Package of Health Services (BPHS) and the Essential […]

  • Going digital: added value of electronic data collection in 2018 Afghanistan Health Survey

    • Institute
    • Publication

    Through a nationally representative household survey in Afghanistan, we conducted an operational study in two relatively secure provinces comparing effectiveness of computer-aided personal interviewing (CAPI) with paper-and-pencil interviewing (PAPI).

  • Estimating maternal mortality: what have we learned from 16 years of surveys in Afghanistan?

    • Institute
    • Publication

    This article contextualises experience within the history of previous efforts to measure maternal mortality in Afghanistan, reviews lessons learnt and reflects on their implications. ‘Particularly hard hit by Afghanistan’s 23 years of war, civil strife and Taliban misrule are Afghan women, who are experiencing what health officials call ”catastrophic”death rates associated with pregnancy and childbirth’. […]

  • Key lessons from a mixed-method evaluation of a postnatal home visit programme in the humanitarian setting of Gaza

    • Institute
    • Publication

    WHO recommends postnatal home visits to improve maternal and newborn health. By combining information from in-depth interviews and focus groups discussions and re-analyzing existing survey data, KIT Institute experts and Palestinian partners concluded that postnatal home visits in a constrained humanitarian context such as Gaza can be implemented and positively contribute to breastfeeding and newborn care practices.

  • Assessing the health workforce in Afghanistan: a situational analysis into the country’s capacity for Universal health coverage

    • Institute
    • Publication

    After decades of conflict and instability, the Afghan health workforce has critical shortages and challenges in equitable distribution. KIT researchers, in collaboration with WHO, conducted a national assessment investigating the number of health workers and their distribution across cadres, geographies, and gender.

  • Determinants of treatment-seeking behaviour and healthcare provider choice in Afghanistan in 2018: a cross-sectional study

    • Institute
    • Publication

    Afghanistan’s public healthcare system is vital in providing care to the economically disadvantaged and managing infectious diseases and maternal health problems. In this article KIT epidemiologists and research partners in Afghanistan re-analysed the Afghanistan Health Survey 2018 in combination with data on the quality of public healthcare facilities from a national healthcare facility assessment of […]

  • The availability of essential medicines in public healthcare facilities in Afghanistan: navigating sociopolitical and geographical challenges

    • Institute
    • Publication

    In this study, KIT epidemiologists and research partners in Afghanistan examine the availability of essential medicines in Afghanistan’s public healthcare facilities and how this is shaped by sociopolitical challenges, geographical barriers, and the organisation of the healthcare system. They conclude that decentralised procurement of medicines by non-state actors and timely payment of funds contribute to medicine […]

Our Services

Blogs

  • How the world is tackling the deepening crisis unfolding in Afghanistan’s health system

    • Institute
    • News

    In August this year, after the takeover by the Taliban, the funding that supported the health sector has been cut off. This, along with the mass exodus of trained personnel, has left the system on the brink of collapse. “For years we’ve struggled, studied and worked in the most difficult situations. But now we must […]

    Published on:
  • The Quiet Dawn of Afghanistan’s Health Systems after Conflict

    • Institute
    • News

    Not many people know about a large-scale programme that is bringing basic health improvements to the population of Afghanistan. Talk to an average person in Europe or English speaking countries and chances are not one will tell you that Afghanistan has been making substantial progress thanks to some novel approaches. Between 2002 and 2016 Afghanistan’s […]

    Published on:
  • Brownbag Series: ‘Health systems strengthening in Afghanistan through times of war and times of peace’

    • Institute
    • News

    Eelco Jacobs, Senior Advisor at KIT and Chair of our new Centre for Health Systems Strengthening for Fragile and Conflict-Affected Settings, will be speaking on ‘Health systems strengthening in Afghanistan through times of war and times of peace’, at a Brownbag Series session at The Institute for Global Health and Development (IGHD), on 13 March 2023 […]

    Published on:
  • The Political Dimensions of Rebuilding Health Systems in Afghanistan and South Sudan – A podcast for the Fragility Forum 2022

    • Institute
    • News

    KIT is pleased to join and contribute to the Fragility Forum 2022 hosted by the World Bank from 7 to 15 March 2022. The Fragility Forum provides the opportunity for organizations that work on development in fragile and conflict-affected settings (FCAS) to exchange ideas on development approaches to foster peace and stability. KIT has years of […]

    Published on: