In collaboration with FAIR Center at EGADE Business School of Tecnológico de Monterrey, KIT Institute is implementing a project funded by the Mastercard Impact Fund, with support from the Mastercard Center for Inclusive Growth, entitled “Financial Inclusion for Strengthening Climate Resilience: Exploring Adaptation Strategies and Supply Chain Impacts on Latin American Coffee Farmers.” As part of this project, KIT Institute conducted a comprehensive literature review to examine existing adaptation and mitigation strategies in agriculture, with a particular focus on the coffee sector.

The review highlights farmers’ realities, their struggles to cope with the impacts of climate change, and the potential role of financial inclusion in supporting resilience. It examines key strategies such as climate-smart agriculture, agroecology, shade-tree cultivation, crop diversification, and soil and water conservation. The findings indicate that, while numerous approaches exist, they have yet to deliver sustainable and inclusive solutions, particularly for marginalised groups and women, underscoring the need for a holistic approach that effectively addresses farmers’ needs and challenges in a sustainable manner.

This literature review contributed to the design and implementation of an ongoing research study conducted by Solidaridad in Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua under the project “Financial Inclusion for Strengthening Climate Resilience: Exploring Adaptation Strategies and Supply Chain Impacts on Latin American Coffee Farmers.”