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  • 10. Reduced inequalities

10. Reduced inequalities

Articles overview

  • What is the development impact of vertical coordination in agricultural value chains in LMICs?

    • Institute
    • Publication

    This literature review examines how vertical coordination—tighter corporate control across agricultural value chains—affects development outcomes in low- and middle-income countries.  Having reviewed 19 academic studies on evidence-based outcomes of vertical coordination, the focus of the analysis is on three main impact areas: (1) local economic development, (2) local job creation, and (3) the inclusion of […]

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  • EmpowHER

    • Institute
    • Project

    Through tailored training and support, this programme aims to equip VSLAs to meet the criteria for formal financial institution approval, enabling farming households to access essential savings and loan services that could drive income growth and economic resilience.

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  • Addressing child labour risks and living income gaps in global value chains

    • Institute
    • Publication

    This policy brief provides practical guidance for companies in the cocoa, coffee and cashew sectors, and beyond, on how to reduce child labour and close living income gaps in their supply chains.

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  • Addressing the income – child labour – gender nexus

    • Institute
    • Publication

    Child labour is a persistent global problem which adversely affects children’s physical and mental well-being. The problem is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa: recent estimates from the International Labour Organisation (ILO, 2024a) reveal an increase in child labourers from 70 million in 2016 to 87 million in 2024. Many of these children work on smallholder […]

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  • A Comparative Review of Living Wage and Living Income Benchmarking Approaches

    • Institute
    • Publication

    This paper offers a systematic review of leading living wage (LW) and living income (LI) benchmarking methodologies to help users select the most appropriate approach for their specific context and purpose. Drawing on criteria developed by the Living Income Community of Practice—such as data quality, local adaptability, and stakeholder ownership—the review highlights the strengths and […]

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  • Health & Prosperity – Conference Report

    • Institute
    • Publication

    On 10 March, KIT Institute hosted the high-level conference “Health and Prosperity: How Dutch Investments in Global Health Drive Security and Economic Growth”, bringing together key stakeholders to examine the Netherlands’ investment role in global health initiatives. This event will highlight the economic and societal return on investment of Dutch contributions to global health financing, which […]

    Read more : Health & Prosperity – Conference Report

  • Living Income Benchmark for the Eastern Province and Living Income Reference Price for the cocoa sector in Sierra Leone (2024)

    • Institute
    • Publication

    This study, commissioned by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) as part of its effort to support the cocoa sector in Sierra Leone, compute two important  indicators: the Living Income Benchmark (LIB) for the cocoa-growing areas located in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone and the Living Income Reference Price (LIRP) for the cocoa sector.  To bridge […]

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  • Understanding Smallholder Inclusion Efforts of the Private Sector

    • Institute
    • Publication

    Large (buying) companies in global value chains are increasingly seeking to integrate smallholder farmers into their supply chains. Accordingly, they have developed programs to promote smallholder inclusion through productivity growth, market access, quality improvement, and other initiatives. The complexity of these initiatives highlights the need for a deeper understanding of smallholder inclusion models, applying both […]

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  • KIT Cocoa Living Income Questionnaire

    • Institute
    • Project

    KIT Institute has for long been at the forefront of living income research in the cocoa sector. Our experts have actively contributed to the Living Income Community of Practice (LICOP) and the Alliance on Living Income in Cocoa (ALICO), developing several tools and guidance documents for measuring the incomes of smallholder cocoa producers and evaluating […]

    Read more : KIT Cocoa Living Income Questionnaire

  • “Confusion between the religious and the social”

    • Institute
    • Publication

    Sudan is the only country in North Africa that has not reformed the Personal Status Act for Muslims (also known as family law) which makes child marriage legal in Sudan. As of 2014, 38% of women (20-49 years) were married before the age of 18, and 12% of women (15-49 years) were married before the […]

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  • Determinants of treatment-seeking behaviour and healthcare provider choice in Afghanistan in 2018: a cross-sectional study

    • Institute
    • Publication

    Afghanistan’s public healthcare system is vital in providing care to the economically disadvantaged and managing infectious diseases and maternal health problems. In this article KIT epidemiologists and research partners in Afghanistan re-analysed the Afghanistan Health Survey 2018 in combination with data on the quality of public healthcare facilities from a national healthcare facility assessment of […]

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  • Youth advocacy on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Mozambique

    • Institute
    • Publication

    The active participation of young individuals in the development and execution of programs and policies directed towards youth, particularly in matters of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), is key for the effectiveness of such initiatives. Meaningful involvement of youth in advocacy entails their engagement across all stages of advocacy, encompassing issue selection, strategy […]

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